1. Business Requirements
The first phase of Data Science is understanding the problem you are trying to solve. Hence, you will have to list the business requirements accordingly. Gathering the required data from different resources is a crucial part of the whole Data Science process.
2. Data Acquisition
In the Data Acquisition stage, you will identify the various resources from which the data will be acquired to solve the given business problem. If you are trying to build a recommendation system, gathering user ratings, comments, chat history, and more would be a few resources of data gathering.
3. Data Processing
Once you gather all the data that is required for solving the given problem, you enter the Data processing and cleaning phase of the data science process. In this phase, the raw data that is collected will be transformed into the desired format so that it facilitates you to perform the desired operations on it.
4. Data Exploration
Once you are one with the Data Processing phase, you will enter the Data Exploration stage where a data analyst employs visual exploration to understand what is in a data set and the characteristics of the data. These characteristics can include size or amount of data, completeness, the correctness of the data, possible relationships amongst data elements, and more.
5. Data Modelling
The fifth stage of Data Science is Data Modelling where you incorporate Machine Learning in Data Science. This is where you need Machine Learning. Let us understand how Machine Learning is implemented in the Data Modelling stage. The data gathered in the earlier stages is imported in the process. This data should be in a proper structure. A table or CSV formats are a few of the preferred formats. After this, the data is further cleaned in order to get rid of any inconsistencies. Then the data model is built where the data is split into two sets, one for training and the other for testing. This model is built by the training dataset. This is where the data analyst employs several Machine Learning algorithms. A training dataset is used to train the model. Once the model is trained it is then evaluated by using the data set. In this phase, the model is fed with new data points and it must predict the outcome by running on the new data points on the Machine Learning model that was built earlier. After the model is evaluated using the resting data, its accuracy is calculated. The accuracy is then improved by various different methods. Hence, this is how Machine learning is employed in the lifecycle of Data Science.
6. Data Optimization
After the completion of the Machine Learning stage, the final model is deployed onto a production environment for final user acceptance.
This is how Data Science and Machine Learning go hand in hand.